We know, a series of tribes of Indo-European origin, who have penetrated by the adminisering
extreme unction to Pyrenees in successive. We know of others of extrapeninsular origin: Greek Phoenicians and.
It seems that from the contact with and others it arises what Iberian culture is denominated.
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Vase celta |
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Iberian tribes.
The iberos knew the culture urban and a remarkable political development, induced by
their contact, very antigüo, with the Mediterranean civilizations, as much Greek as Phoenician,
before the arrival of the Romans to Hispania. From these influences it arose evolved writing system,
mixture of alphabet and silabario. The Iberian signario served as vehicle for the writing of the languages
Iberian and celta.
Iberian places pertaining to diverse towns of this ancestry are conserved in Aragón
important, like ilergetes, the sedetanos, ilergavones and, probably, the ausetanos calls "ausetanos del Ebro".
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Bronces de Contrebia |
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The Valley of the Ebro becomes instead of convergence of the three great Preroman cultural areas
of the Iberian Peninsula: vascona, Iberian and celta. Being this zone the only zone of all
the peninsula in which towns of the three cultures coexisted.
Between the Celtas cities we found Salduie (or Salduva according to consulted texts), located
in the environs of where now we found the city of Zaragoza. More concretely in the left margin of
the river next to the present district of Juslibol. There rest of the Age of Iron have been found
(cabezo de Miranda) that are considered the vestiges of Salduie, city of the sedetanos that appears
mentioned in documents of the Roman imperial time. In the ruins of the city of Contrebia Belaisca have been
two bronzes written in celta language or Iberian signario, that both constitutes more important texts
for the study of the language celta in Europe. These texts can be read but at the moment it is
impossible to translate these languages completely.
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At this Salduie time it was already an important locality, that it coins its own currency.
In general, they collaborated with the Romans, whose pattern they fit its currency.
Their aristocracies were combatant, which is appraised in funeral monuments of the soldiers,
adorned with a decorated wake in which frequently riders, horses and lances imagine.
The representation of the rider is also characteristic of the types of the Iberian currencies, that
these towns coined following the pattern Roman. Salduie, was its western limit with celtas and vascones.
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Illustration of íbera ceramics |
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The diverse towns celtas, strongly hostile to Rome (celtíberos), such as titos, belos, lusones
and suesetanos occupied the West of Aragón and its resistance to the Roman occupation was long and consistent.
They were organized in city-been, in that magistrates, assemblies and Senates existed.
They adopted the Iberian system of writing. Capable metallurgical, their swords were copied by the Romans.
The life of the celtíbero is oriented to raise the personal value, the honor and the war.
Brotherhoods of tie soldiers to a head or a divinity existed.
Their European Gods were the typical ones of celtas like the God Lug, "capable in all the arts"; the "Matres",
goddesses of fecundity; Epona, Great Mother and protector of deads; Dagda, "father of everything";
Cernunno, God of the fecundity, and Sucelo, infernal deity.
Unlike íberos, celtíberos not buried to those who they died in battle, but that exposed their bodies
so that they were devoured by the birds rapaces and, thus, their souls would be taken to skies.
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